Jacqueline A. Schaap (1961) was educated at the University of Amsterdam. After having earned her degree in 1984 she started working as a trademark agent with the well known firm of trademark agents Markgraaf (now Novagraaf). She passed the exam of the Benelux association for Trademark and Design Law (BMM) in 1987. In 1988 Jacqueline qualified for the bar and joined the IP department of Boekel de Nerée. She became a partner in 1995 and head of the IP department in 2001. Jacqueline is an experienced and highly rated litigator. Her practice is mainly focussed on copyright, trademarks, media, advertising and defamation. She also advises in IP cases with a competition law aspect, for instance in respect of the use of program listings. She is well known for her knowledge of media law and has argued many cases before the Media Commissariat and other regulatory bodies. She has extensive knowledge of the use of portraits and images for advertising purposes and the use of hidden cameras in TV programs. Among her clients are publishing companies, film distributors and producers, artists, designers, production companies and a well known museum. Jacqueline is also active in the field of Games of Chances and advises broadcasters, producers and advertisers on TV games and promotional activities. She is responsible for a considerable number of publications on trademark and advertising law, including some books. She is a contributor to a handbook on intellectual property and the author of the Netherlands chapter on "The use of another's trademarks" and the Netherlands chapter in "La Publicite et la Loi". Jacqueline is a teacher at several professional training courses. She has been a member of the Board of the Netherlands Advertising Association for years and has been active in ALAI and AIPPI study groups. She was for many years a member of the Committee on Copyright (an advisory board of the Ministry of Justice) and is now a member of the Assembly of Delegates of the Netherlands Bar Association. She is listed in various IP guides (such as Chambers).